![]() Methodologies for engineering complex materials systems are often divided into “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches. These scaffolds will be useful for interfacial tissue engineering, with application in the fields of orthopedics, developmental biology, and cancer metastasis to bone. Using these data, we generated a model showing the dependence of mineral removal as function of time in the chelating solution and initial bone morphology, specifically trabecular density. ![]() We characterized the structural and compositional gradients across the scaffold using X-ray diffraction, microcomputed tomography (μCT), and Raman microscopy, revealing the presence of mineral gradients on the scale of 20 – 40 μm. We controlled the degree and location of the mineral interface, producing scaffolds that support cell growth, while maintaining the hierarchical structure of these tissues. Here, we generate interfacial scaffolds by the spatially controlled removal of mineral content from trabecular bone using a chelating solution. Top-down methodologies provide many advantages over bottom-up approaches for biological tissues, given that some of the complexity is already built into the system. ![]() Applying bottom-up approaches to biological tissues is challenging due to the inherent complexity of these systems. Materials engineering can generally be divided into “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches, where current state-of-the-art methodologies are bottom-up, relying on the advent of atomic-scale technologies. ![]()
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